Abstracto

Complications of undernutrition and infection.

Allen Volkert

Malnutrition and infection have historically been closely related. Worldwide, immunodeficiency is mostly caused by malnutrition, and we are constantly learning more about the pathophysiology of this relationship. More over half of all deaths in children under the age of five are caused by five infectious diseases, the majority of whom are malnourished. Poor growth, diminished intelligence, higher mortality, and increased susceptibility to infection are just a few of the negative outcomes of micronutrient deficiencies. The prevalence of parasite infection is really widespread. Malnutrition and parasite infestation should both be addressed because it is known that parasites can cause starvation, but it is unknown to what extent malnutrition increases parasite infection. Pregnancy-related nutritional deficits are linked to a weakened immunological response to infection. Breastfeeding is the single best approach to protect babies from infection since it partially makes up for this immune weakness. Malnutrition and nutritional changes, which are frequent side effects of HIV infection, include problems with food intake, nutrient absorption, and intermediate metabolism. These conditions contribute significantly and independently to morbidity and mortality.